Avail Introduces Nexus Runtime for Enhanced Blockchain Interoperability – BitRss

The Avail project has announced the introduction of the Nexus Runtime, a state verification engine that will operate on Avail with the Nexus Upgrade. This significant upgrade transforms Avail from a general-purpose data availability (DA) layer into a rollup-centric blockchain with execution proof verification. The new functionality is achieved through the integration of Zero-Knowledge (ZK) Apps and advanced Data Availability Sampling.

The Nexus Runtime is designed to enable flexible ZK App verification on the Avail base layer. It serves as the engine that verifies ZK Apps and facilitates cross-chain verification for Nexus Interop Apps. This development allows for native Avail rollups that are seamlessly connected, as well as custom logic from ZK Apps that link external chains, thereby unifying liquidity and users across different ecosystems.

Enhancing Cross-Chain Transactions

With the Nexus Runtime, state updates submitted from ZK Apps are verified using ZK proofs to ensure correct execution. Avail Nexus then updates the state of each App Address in its memory according to these verified updates, which can be accessed by other ZK Apps. This state verification engine forms the backbone of a scalable and verifiable cross-chain ecosystem.

A key distinction in how ZK Apps operate on Nexus compared to Ethereum’s smart contracts is that ZK Apps are executed on the client side first, rather than within the Nexus Runtime. This off-chain computation approach optimizes on-chain efficiency, removing the scaling bottleneck commonly seen in blockchain execution layers.

Applications and Use Cases

ZK Apps can be utilized for various purposes, including creating new tokens or supporting comprehensive rollups. In the Nexus Upgrade, ZK Apps will power Nexus Interop Apps for seamless cross-chain transactions. Programs that can be proven by RISC Zero, SP1, or any supported zkVM can become ZK Apps.

An example of this functionality is when a ZK App verifies the state of a chain built on ZKsync’s ZK Stack. When the ZK chain seeks interoperability, it submits the State Root, Proof, State-diffs, and Rollup metadata to Nexus. Nexus verifies the correctness of the computed state by validating the App Statement, which binds the program to the Nexus Runtime.

If the App Statement is correct, the Nexus Runtime updates the App Address to its new state, which can then be verified by anyone. This process enables efficient on-chain verification, allowing for cross-chain transactions without manual asset bridging. Instead, message passing occurs on the back end, and state verification is independently conducted by both chains.

The Nexus Runtime also supports non-financial use cases, such as decentralized identity verification. For instance, a decentralized identity Appchain connected to Nexus could verify Personally Identifiable Information (PII) like user age. Applications could then verify the aggregate proof of Nexus to grant age-gated access, all on-chain and under user control.

For more information on the Nexus Runtime and its capabilities, visit the official announcement here.

Why This Matters: Impact, Industry Trends & Expert Insights

The Avail project has introduced the Nexus Runtime, a state verification engine aimed at enhancing blockchain interoperability by transforming Avail into a rollup-centric blockchain with execution proof verification.

A recent report highlights that blockchain interoperability is evolving with significant advancements, including the emergence of superconnectors and cross-chain bridges. These developments are crucial for creating a unified blockchain ecosystem, as seen with Avail’s Nexus Runtime facilitating seamless cross-chain transactions.

According to industry research, cross-chain interoperability solutions are significantly impacting the market by enhancing liquidity and scalability across blockchain platforms. This supports the significance of Avail’s Nexus Runtime in advancing cross-chain interoperability and addressing scalability challenges.

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